Sealing device for maxi rotary cylinder

ABSTRACT

A sealing device has a plurality of L-shaped seals each of which has one round surface and the other flat surface contacted on outer sidewall of the powered rotary cylinder and on outer sidewall of the shell respectively at the intersection. One L-shaped seal is crossed into another L-shaped seal on the sides. The L-shaped seal with a hole on the flat surface is fitted by a slide on the fixed shell. The seals crossed freely on these three-dimensional sealing surfaces (with measures for tension) are arranged in a circumferential direction of the cylinder.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

1. Field of the Invention

This invention relates to a sealing device for a maxi rotary cylindersuch as a rotary kiln, a rotary cooler and a rotary drier, etc. used inindustrial waste destruction, limestone-, alumina-, coke-, cement-,carbide-making, and the like. The sealing device is attached to a one-or two-tier cylinder and fixed shell (housing) to seal air, gas, and soon.

2. Description of the Related Art

Conventionally, a variety of air (gas) seals such as labyrinth seals,band seals, band seals with packing, seals for dividing spring pressureand the combinations of them are used for a rotary kiln and fixed shell(housing) in cement calcinations, paper sludge, and so on. They aresuggested in official patent reports and other things.

BRIEF SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

It is an object of the invention to provide a sealing device for a maxirotary cylinder that withstands higher temperatures and a greater amountof axial movement with the maximum sealing effectiveness at a small costand minimizes degeneration with no maintenance. On the contrary, theabove-mentioned labyrinth seals, various kinds of band seals or even thecombinations of them don't have enough sealing effectiveness. Besides,the seals near the inner part of the rotary two-tier cylinder and thecombustion chamber are in higher temperatures for combustion,carbonization, calcinations, and so on to prevent pollution by dioxin,etc. recently. Moreover, concerning contemporary larger-sized cylinders,formation of a true circle is very difficult. Therefore, conventionalseals degenerate easily because of higher temperatures and a greateramount of axial movement with transformation by the weight.

According to a first aspect of the invention, there is provided asealing device comprising a plurality of L-shaped seals each of whichhas one round surface and the other flat surface contacted on outersidewall of the powered rotary cylinder and on outer sidewall of thefixed shell respectively at the intersection. One L-shaped seal iscrossed into another L-shaped seal on the sides. The L-shaped seal witha hole on the flat surface is fitted by a slide on the fixed shell. Theseals crossed freely on these three-dimensional sealing surfaces arearranged in a circumferential direction of the cylinder.

According to a second aspect of the invention, there is provided asealing device the L-shaped seal of which has a ditch for presence ofsealing material on the sealing surface.

According to a third aspect of the invention, there is provided asealing device the L- shaped seal of which has measures for tension atcross sections.

According to a fourth aspect of the invention, there is provided asealing device with the L-shaped seals each of which has one roundsurface and the other flat surface contacted on outer sidewall of thepowered rotary cylinder and on outer sidewall of the fixed shellrespectively at the intersection. One end of both surfaces of oneL-shaped seal is concavo and the other end is convex. The concavo of oneL-shaped seal and the convex of another L-shaped seal are crossedlengthwise and widthwise on the sides. The L-shaped seal with a hole onthe flat surface is fitted by a slide on the fixed shell. The seals arealways crossed on these three-dimensional sealing surfaces tightly,especially lengthwise in a circumferential direction of the cylinder.

According to a fifth aspect of the invention, there is provided asealing device that has some L-shaped seals with both concavo ends ofone round surface and the other flat surface, and other L-shaped sealswith both convex ends of both surfaces. Either L-shaped seal has a holeon the flat surface.

According to a sixth aspect of the invention, there is provided asealing device the L-shaped seal of which has both convex ends without ahole on the flat surface.

According to a seventh aspect of the invention, there is provided asealing device that has some L-shaped seals with a hole and otherL-shaped seals without a hole on the flat surface.

According to an eighth aspect of the invention, there is provided asealing device the L-shaped seal of which has a ditch for presence ofsealing material.

According to a ninth aspect of the invention, there is provided asealing device the L-shaped seal of which has a sealingmaterial-pressing out gadget over the ditch.

According to a tenth aspect of the invention, there is provided asealing device the L-shaped seal of which has spring, weights or both ofthem as measures for tension at cross sections.

According to an eleventh aspect of the invention, there is provided asealing device the L-shaped seal of which has oil-caps, grease-nipplesor both of them.

According to a twelfth aspect of the invention, there is provided asealing device the L-shaped seal of which has a ditch for presence ofoil on the sealing surface.

In the above-mentioned sealing device, the L-shaped seal has one roundsurface and the other flat surface contacted tightly on outer sidewallof the powered rotary cylinder and on outer sidewall of-the fixed shellrespectively at the intersection. One L-shaped seal is crossed intoanother L-shaped seal lengthwise and widthwise on the sides. The sealsare always crossed on these three-dimensional sealing surfaces tightlyespecially lengthwise in a circumferential direction of the cylinder.Moreover, the movements with the width of a slide (by a slide) in a holeon the flat surface strike the balance of convex and concavo of theaxial movements of the rotary cylinder. Furthermore, the seal hascompression spring as measures for tension for sealing effectiveness atcross sections. In addition, a weight is fitted at the bottom of onering of dual rings out of a chain or a wire on the circumference of thecylinder instead of spring in high temperatures.

Further objects and advantages of the invention will be apparent fromthe following description, reference being had to the accompanyingdrawings, wherein preferred embodiments of the invention are clearlyshown.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

FIG. 1 is an explanatory drawing showing main parts of a sealing deviceaccording to a first embodiment of the invention that is installed on amaxi rotary cylinder.

FIG. 2 (2-1) is a partially perspective view of a seal and (2-2) is apartially cut-away view of a ditch on one round surface of the L-shapedseal contacted on the rotary cylinder according to the first embodimentand a second embodiment of the invention.

FIG. 3 is an explanatory drawing showing a front side of movements withthe width of a slide in a hole on the seal according to the firstembodiment of the invention.

FIG. 4 is a partially cut-away view showing the seal fitted by a slideaccording to the first embodiment of the invention.

FIG. 5 is a partially cut-away view showing the way of weighting theseals with dual rings as measures for tension according to a thirdembodiment of the invention.

FIG. 6 is a partially cut-away view showing a balance system as measuresfor tension of the seals according to a fourth embodiment of theinvention.

FIG. 7 is a partially cut-away view showing an unbalance system asmeasures for tension of the seals according to the fourth embodiment ofthe invention.

FIG. 8 is a partially cut-away view showing a separate system asmeasures for tension of the seals according to a fifth embodiment of theinvention.

FIG. 9 (9-1) is a perspective view of a free joint metal for the seals,(9-2) is a perspective view of elastic body (spring) as measures fortension and (9-3) is an overall explanatory drawing of a free joint boltand nut (for manual adjustment) according to the first embodiment of theinvention.

FIG. 10 (10-1) is a side view of free joint chain (including wire, andso on), (10-2) is a side view of elastic body (spring) as measures fortension and (10-3) is an overall explanatory drawing of a linking areawith a side view of a free joint turn-buckle (for manual adjustment)according to the first embodiment of the invention.

FIG. 11 is a partially cut-away view showing how each of somethree-dimensional seals which has one flat surface and the other roundsurface with concavo in both ends is crossed tightly on the sides witheach of other three-dimensional seals with convex in both ends accordingto other modifications of the invention.

FIG. 12 is a partially cut-away view of a (manual) gadget with a boltand (w) nut system for pressing out (sealing material) over the ditch ofthe L-shaped seal which has one flat surface and the other round surfacecontacted on the fixed shell and the rotary cylinder respectively at theintersection according to the second embodiment of the invention.

FIG. 13 is a partially cut-away view of a safe gadget with a pin andthree-tier spring (as measures for tension) for pressing out (sealingmaterial automatically) over the ditch of the L-shaped seal which hasone round surface and the other flat surface contacted on the rotarycylinder and a fixed shell respectively at the intersection according tothe second embodiment of the invention.

ILLUSTRATIONS

-   1. fixed shell-   2. seal-   3. hole for slide-   4. hole on fixed shell-   5. (rotary) cylinder-   6. nut of joint metal for seals-   7. ditch on seal (for elastic body)-   8. plural- (three-) dimensional sealing surfaces-   9. seal-pressing plate-   10. bolt tap-   11. balanced slide bush-   12. weight-   13. upper part of sealing circle-   14. lower part of sealing circle-   15. fulcrum (including pulleys and hooks, etc.)-   16. wire for raising seals (including chain)-   17. bolt for pressing out sealing material-   18. pin for pressing out sealing material-   19. attachment-   20. free joint metal for seals-   21. chain (including wire)-   22. turn-buckle-   23. hook bolt-   24. partially cut-away view showing how each of some    three-dimensional seals with concavo in both ends is crossed into    each of other three-dimensional seals with convex in both ends (on    the flat surface and the round surface.)-   [cf. claim 1 and 5]-   25. spring fastener-   26. sealing material-   27. spring-   28. w-nut-   29. vertical side-   30. parting line (including 29,)

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

Several embodiments of the invention are described hereunder referringto the attached drawings. FIG. 1 is an explanatory drawing showing mainparts of the sealing device. FIG. 2 (2-1) is a partially perspectiveview of a seal and (2-2) is a partially cut-away view of a ditch forpresence of elastic sealing material on one round surface of theL-shaped seal contacted on the cylinder. (The same drawing of the otherflat surface contacted on the fixed shell is omitted.) FIG. 3 is apartially explanatory drawing showing the directions of movements withthe width of a slide in a hole on the seal. FIG. 4 is a partiallycut-away view showing the seal fitted by a slide and FIG. 5, 6, 7 and 8are partially cut-away views showing weight systems as measures fortension of the seals.

First Embodiment

Referring to FIG. 1, a sealing device according to a first embodiment ofthe invention has a plurality of L-shaped seals (2) each of which hasone round surface and the other flat surface contacted on the cylinder(5) and on the fixed shell (1) respectively at the intersection. Theseal is fitted by a slide (with a bolt) in a hole (FIG. 1(4) and FIG. 4(4)) on the fixed shell. The seal has balanced slide bushes (FIG. 4(11)) to slide up and down, etc. smoothly and the seal is bolted on theseal-pressing plate (FIG. 4 (9)). Basically, the bush is as thick as theseal, but the thickness of the bush is adjusted for a slide. Then, theplural- (three-) dimensional sealing surfaces (FIG. 2 (8)) of one sealare crossed into the sealing surfaces of another seal with nuts of jointmetals (FIG. 1, FIG. 2 (6)) and joint metals (FIG. 9 (9-1)) for acircumference or plural circumferences of the cylinder, if necessary.The seals may be crossed freely and tightly with a circle of flexiblewire or chain, etc.

In these cases, to adjust the circumference, as shown in FIG. 9 and FIG.10, bolts and nuts etc., may be provided as adjustment gadgets (notmeasures for tension but fixed ones for manual adjustment) to loosemetal with the passage of time and to lengthen metal in hightemperatures, because the seals near the inner part of the two-tiercylinder are in such high temperatures that compression spring, etc. asmeasures for tension to contact the seals tightly on the cylinder(especially without clearances on the lower part of the circle by theweight) are degenerated for a short time.

Regardless of clearances on the sides of the seals (widthwise on theround surface and the flat surface in the circumferential direction ofthe cylinder) in high temperatures, the practical sealing is very tightbecause of the three-dimensional seals with one flat surface and theother round surface contacted on the fixed shell and the cylinderrespectively and the sealing of the sides is always tight lengthwiseeven in high temperatures. Therefore, the round surface of the cylinderand the flat surface of the fixed shell have very ideal sealingconditions. Moreover, the size of the hole for a slide on the sealaccommodates the width of axial movements (The width of axialmovements=the diameter of the hole for a slide—the outside diameter ofthe balanced slide bush.)

Specifically, stainless SUS 310S, heat-resistant stainless or ceramic isused because the seals (near the inner part of the two-tier cylinder andthe combustion chamber) become about 1200° C.

Second Embodiment

As shown in FIG. 2 (2-2), the second embodiment of the sealing deviceincorporates elastic sealing material on the sealing surface, which canseal air more effectively than the first embodiment. The above-mentionedsealing uses the general natural pressure of the sealing, while thesealing in FIG. 12 uses a bolt-adjustment type and the sealing in FIG.13 uses a type with measures for tension (an automatic adjustmenttogether with spring pressure).

Third Embodiment

A sealing device according to the third embodiment provides not manualbut automatic measures for tension as mentioned afore, generally at oneor more-halfway cross sections so that the seals could be alwayscontacted very tightly on the cylinder. Instead of this spring in hightemperatures, as mentioned afore, a weight for sealing is fitted at thebottom of one ring of dual rings out of a chain or a wire on thecircumference of the cylinder. To contact more tightly on the cylinder,both of them may be used.

Fourth Embodiment

Referring to FIG. 6, in the fourth embodiment, a free balance system isused. The seals in the upper part and the lower part of the sealingcircle are separated with the attachments (19), linked with each other(by chain or wire, etc.) and balanced in weight on fulcrums (15)(including pulleys and hooks, etc. like a pair of scales) to minimizewear of the seals with the less pressure (the bare minimum) on thesealing surface on the cylinder.

As shown in FIG. 7 (7-1) and (7-2), the seals in the upper part and thelower part of the sealing circle are linked with each other throughfulcrums to put a little more pressure on the lower part of the circle.Two drawings of FIG. 7 show the weight systems.

Fifth Embodiment

Referring to FIG. 8, in the fifth embodiment, a separate balance systemmay be used. The upper part and the lower part of the sealing circle maybe balanced in weight on each fulcrum in all kinds of conditions such asmachines, raw materials, weights, temperatures, speeds, and so on.

Other Modifications

A sealing device is used for our rotary kiln the diameter of which is1800 mm (the inner cylinder's diameter is 1200 mm) and the width ofaxial movements of the outer cylinder is about 30 mm, 1.6%. Thirty-sixseals are used for a circumference of the cylinder and the cross angle(the angle of crossing seals) is 10°. As mentioned afore, many kinds ofseals in cross sections, etc. may be used. Here, the first embodiment ofthe sealing device shows the point that one end of one round surface andthe other flat surface of one three-dimensional seal is crossed with oneend of both surfaces of another seal on the sides to seal (air) even inaxial movements.

Consequently, uncalculating chemical changes and deterioration ofeffectiveness because of gas (air, etc.) leak in combustion,carbonization, calcinations, etc. are minimized. Moreover, very stableoperations, fixed qualities and diminution of fuel expenses for oil,etc. are expected in factories which used to have gas leak because ofseal-damages in a great amount of axial movement and highertemperatures. The long-life seals at a small cost and with nomaintenance will come into wide use with rapidity.

The preferred embodiments described herein are illustrative and notrestrictive, the scope of the invention being indicated in the appendedclaims and all variations that come within the meaning of the claims areintended to be embraced therein.

1. A sealing device comprising a plurality of L-shaped seals, one roundsurface and the other flat surface being contacted on outer sidewall ofthe powered rotary cylinder and on outer sidewall of the shellrespectively at the intersection, one L-shaped seal being crossed intoanother L-shaped seal on the sides, the L-shaped seal with a hole on theflat surface being fitted by a slide on the fixed shell, and the sealscrossed freely on these three-dimensional sealing surfaces beingarranged in a circumferential direction of the cylinder.
 2. A sealingdevice according to claim 1, in which the L-shaped seal has a ditch forpresence of sealing material on the sealing surface.
 3. A sealing deviceaccording to claim 1 and 2, in which the L-shaped seal has measures fortension at cross sections.
 4. A sealing device according to claim 1, 2and 3, in which: the L-shaped seal one round surface and the other flatsurface contacted on outer sidewall of the powered rotary cylinder andon outer sidewall of the fixed shell respectively at the intersection;one end of both surfaces of the L-shaped seal is concavo and the otherend is convex, and the concavo of one L-shaped seal and the convex ofanother L-shaped seal are crossed lengthwise and widthwise; the L-shapedseal with a hole on the flat surface is fitted by a slide on the fixedshell; and the L-shaped seals crossed on these three-dimensional sealingsurfaces are always arranged tightly, especially lengthwise in acircumferential direction of the cylinder.
 5. A sealing device accordingto claim 1, 2, 3, and 4, in which; both ends of one round surface andthe other flat surface of some L-shaped seals are concavo and both endsof one round surface and the other flat surface of other L-shaped sealsare convex; and either L-shaped seal has a hole on the flat surface. 6.A sealing device according to claim 5, in which the L-shaped seal withboth convex ends doesn't have a hole on the flat surface.
 7. A sealingdevice according to claim 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5 in which each of someL-shaped seals and other L-shaped seals has a hole and no holerespectively on the flat surface.
 8. A sealing device according to claim1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 and 7, in which the L-shaped seal has a ditch forpresence of sealing material.
 9. A sealing device according to claim 8,in which the L-shaped seal has a sealing material-pressing out gadgetover the ditch.
 10. A sealing device according to claim 1, 2, 3, 4, 5,6, 7, 8 and 9, in which the L-shaped seals have spring, weights or bothspring and weights as measures for tension at cross sections.
 11. Asealing device according to claim 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9 and 10, inwhich the L-shaped seals have oil-caps, grease-nipples or both of them.12. A sealing device according to claim 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10and 11, in which the L-shaped seal has a ditch for presence of oil onthe sealing surface.